For example, 90% of confectionery products (cakes, candies, marshmallows, candy, cream, ice cream, mousses, soufflés, chocolate, waffles and pastries) that we all just adore, it would be impossible to create without sugar. The fact that requires no proof. But this is just warming up. I wonder? I think – I wonder. In this case – read on.

Did you know that brown sugar is a much more healthy food than white? And this is not fiction. He quickly absorbed and is considered an elite variety in the U.S. and Japan. But we have not considered.

Interestingly, the sugar, in gratitude for his versatility and taste, was erected a few of these sites. For example, in the Czech Republic, where he first hit upon the idea to produce refined sugar, is a monument in the form of a huge, white cube, the imaging is just refined sugar. From the side looks very impressive.

But in the city of Sumy (Ukraine) went even further. The city authorities, at the urging of residents who have decided to keep up with the Czechs, have erected an entire sculptural composition, and also, on sugar – refined sugar.

Some say – sugar drug. Sugar is certainly not a drug, but the truth in this statement is still there. The scientists, who like to check everything in the world, conducted experiments with laboratory rats and mice. The essence of these experiments was as follows. The animals were accustomed to sugar, and after a while, most of them have started a real relationship from him. The study showed that the relationship can be justifiably compared to the drug. That’s the way. On the other hand, those same scientists have proven – the usual sugar, can be called a part of happiness. People who use it enough, often smiling, they have a smooth and good humor. But opponents of the sugar, are often angry and irritable. The truth is not known how quickly and strongly we can get used to it.

Sugar is not only solid but also liquid. For liquid forms include such varieties as invert sugar (use during the preparation of soda) and the amber liquid sucrose (brown sugar it replaces).

Some model aircraft, use of sugar in combination with other ingredients to create this fuel, which is charged with their models. And they fly!

But the fuel – this is nonsense, in one of the research centers that provide mobile phones that will not work on standard batteries and accumulators, and the sugar. Argued – the efficiency of the new product will exceed the standard, at least 8 times. Weird fact.

Another curious fact – in a standard jar of Coco-Cola (0.5 liter) contains exactly 16 cubes of sugar, or 7 teaspoons full. And Pepsi at all eight spoons. That’s a lot. A lot. So be careful with these drinks.

Such are the interesting, obscure and interesting facts about the sweet sugar.
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Bread is recognized by people since ancient times. In many countries in Asia and Europe, have preserved the tradition according to which the bread, even spoiled, can not be thrown away. I wrote nothing about the antiquity, since the Neolithic era (and that’s when humanity became acquainted with bread), started more than 10 000 years ago. Once people learned how to produce and maintain a fire, they began to bake first, primitive bread.

Even in ancient Rome, people living in poverty, require only the “bread and circuses” (the famous slogan, and a steady turnover), without anything else people can do. That’s an interesting fact. Well, our ancestors said – “the bread around the head.”

Currently, the major distinction is made between about 20 varieties of bread and a hundred lesser known. From the pita and the matzah to loaf and bretselya.

In ancient times, the Slavs did not just bread, cereal crops (rye, barley, wheat), but most of these acorns. Strange but true, acorns were collected, crushed them in the flour and baking cakes. About the taste of this dish – I can not say, not tried. A little later, and also the Slavs, for the same purpose, and nuts are used.

The biggest loaf of bread baked in Mexico. It happened in 1996, the city of Acapulco. She was more than 9 kilometers in length. Can you imagine how much labor and ingredients needed to establish a world record?

Since ancient times, most people on earth, the bread is associated with hard work. And this fact is easy to explain. After all, before the process of its production was incredibly time consuming. Starting with the wheat sowing and finishing the harvest, and then baking.

They say that the bread and similar foods people inevitably get fat. At the same time, today there are many so-called “bread diet” during which a person’s weight is markedly reduced.

The word “loaf” comes from the French fishing “rod” and the true bread resembles a thick stick. Rolls, as is well known round like wheels. And they appeared in the Russian language from the same root – ‘colonies’. A “roll” – is a Polish word. The analogy is simple. “Bull” or «Bulla» – Print Pope, which he holds the major orders, print, had a circular shape like a Polish roll. The word “roll” came into our language from Estonia, “sai” is translated from Estonian, means “white.” Incidentally, with this kind of bread an interesting story related that occurred in Russia, even during the reign of Nicholas II. One of the most famous bakers at the time – Filippov, was ordered to immediately appear before the Governor-General. It turns out that in the bread, which he has supplied, have found a cockroach baked. However, Filippov was a smart guy, but because it was not taken aback, and said that this is not cockroach is no, and the usual raisins, and then, without batting an eye, ate their bread with a cockroach. Safely back, back home, he ordered his workers to constantly add to the bread a little raisin. So it goes.

There is an old folk superstition in one of the Nordic countries. If a young man and woman, even by chance, bit off a piece of bread from a loaf, loaf or loaves of bread – they will love each other and likely to be married.

At first, the rich and wealthy strata of medieval society preferred to have white bread, white bread, considering the lot of the poor. It is interesting that now the situation has changed dramatically. Now rich people buy black bread, and less wealthy people – white. In fact, rye bread is more nutritious and healthier white. Food for Thought.

And in continuation of the theme. In Russia, the main bread was just black. And once, during the war between Russia and Turkey, Russian offensive petered out due to the loss of a large amount of rye flour. First, the soldiers tried to cook the bread from the local, wheat, but soon many of them became ill, as white bread (again) is not as nutritious as rye.

There is also a white bread that is baked in Moldavia (or Moldova). In this case there is added molasses, cumin and other ingredients. They say – unusual, but tasty.

Beginning with the 20-ies, in the Soviet Union began an unprecedented scale inflation. Money is devalued faster than the state to print them. But the bread, as opposed to money valued everywhere, especially in places where there was a lack of provisions. The Government has issued a special checks that were equal to the value of a pudu, or 16 kilograms of grain. In other words, the bread has replaced the money, though not for long.

I tried to gather the most curious, interesting and little-known facts about bread. I hope that reading was fun and exciting.
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The word “watermelon”, translated from Turkic languages ​​(from whom the Uzbek, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Altaic, Tatar, Uighur, Bashkir, Tuvan, and many others, to such common languages) means nothing more than a “donkey’s cucumber.” A little-known fact, but true.

World leader in the production (cultivation and sales) of watermelon is China, and this is understandable. Vast agricultural lands, cheap labor, and of innate industriousness brought them to the Chinese leaders. And the second country in this list, Turkey lags behind in 16 (!) Times. 62 million tonnes against 3.5 million. I should add that the U.S. go to the 5th place Russia on the 7th, and Uzbekistan on the 9th. That’s an interesting fact.

In California, on the slopes of local mountains often seen so-called “watermelon snow”. This is no joke, but true fact. And it’s called watermelon because it smells like a watermelon, and even taste much like a sweet fruit. Clue just decided – in the snow found a special type of microscopic algae are responsible for the metamorphosis of the snow.

Record the weight of a single melon was almost 120 pounds, and it has been grown in America. In Europe, the largest watermelon had been grown in Russia (Krasnodar Territory), scales below it showed about 61.5 kilograms. It is believed that it was grafted to the pumpkin, which has a more developed root system and it provided him additional power and growth.

However, not all water-melons are huge, there are special, dwarf varieties. Mature, ripe fruit of varieties does not exceed ten inches in diameter. However, what they do – for me the big mystery.

Generally, the watermelon is not the Asian plant, as many think, and African. And his home is not even the North, and South Africa. It was there the first time people began to cultivate the beauty of this class of bipartite, the family Cucurbitaceae. Even today, there is a huge population of wild watermelon, do not represent, however, no real value. Later, the cultivation of watermelon began in ancient Egypt, and then later in other Asian countries. It is interesting that the Egyptians always buried with the dead watermelon Pharaohs, that on the way to the underworld, the lord could always eat sweets. In Europe, it got there in the era of the Crusades, about 900-700 years ago. In Russia, this juicy fruit has appeared on several centuries earlier, and was brought by Indian merchants. True, they began to sow (not imported from other countries) only in the middle of XVII century. By the way, now, on our planet grow from 1100 to 1300 of watermelons.

In Vietnam, there is an interesting tradition. During the celebration of Vietnamese New Year, the table is always served watermelon because it is considered an important symbol of this holiday. A kind of mascot of the New Year.

But the Japanese are famous for their outlandish inventions, first hit upon the idea to grow square watermelons, which occupy much less space during transportation and storage. It is more advantageous from a financial point of view. Later, the idea has taken root and square watermelons in the Arab world, for example, in the UAE.

But the sort of “King of Hearts” is different from others in that it does no seeds. On the one hand, it is convenient, the fruit can be much faster without fear of choking, but with fertility, as you well know – the problem. This is a pretty big melons weighing from 8 to 10 pounds.

Of watermelons with a special honey, which is called “nardek.” And, just to get half a liter of watermelon honey, you need at least 10 kilograms of watermelon pulp. Interestingly, right? However, diabetics nardek better not try.
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Up to now there are heated debates – what still considered a melon. Some call it a fruit, some berries, some vegetables. In fact – this is a false berry, belonging, attention to the nature of cucumbers. It turns out that the cucumber and melon close relatives. Therefore, melon – a vegetable.

As you know – Islam originated in the Arab countries. The Arabs believed watermelon heavenly fruit and thought that this is a real godsend to people. A crack in the quaint form of a web on the crust, are taken as the encrypted message Almighty. Some even tried to guess using a melon and predict the future. That’s an interesting little known fact.

The first book, which spoke of melon, was the Bible. It says a lot.

Once a melon is even tried. True. Many years ago, one of the nobles, after the beautiful, hearty dinner suddenly felt ill. And since the last he touched this noble gentleman, was the usual melon, then over her staged a real court. Incidentally, the wine melon has been proven, however, what the sentence handed down her judgment – we do not know.

Do not have a melon immediately after a meal, it can cause unpredictable and unpleasant reaction of the stomach and entire body. Wait at least 1-1.5 hours. The same can be said about the mix of melon with dairy products and alcohol. Oh, and do not check this at home. Try to eat the newly cut melon, since then, they can begin to breed bacteria. Forget about sweet yellow fruit that when suffering from gastritis or ulcer disease. And of course, the melon is strictly contraindicated for diabetics. In addition, women, nursing babies need to be careful doubly, because the digestive system of the child is much weaker than the digestive system of an adult man.

Variety called the melon Cucumis microcarpus tastes like ordinary strawberries and cultivated elsewhere in the Caucasus.

Melons are not only round and oval, and elongated, resembling the form of large cucumbers (eg Armenia). Weight of some of them more than 15 kilograms (documented to be confirmed), and the length reaches 1,8-19 meters.

But scientists from such high-tech and advanced countries like South Korea, recently announced sensational news. They were able to (in their words) to find in an ordinary melon mythical elixir of eternal youth. The substance, which they identified through difficult experiences, called “lycopene.” We are waiting for further news from the Koreans.
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Despite the frequent appearance of orange on the well-known works of the Renaissance, they have not eaten at the Last Supper, simply because they were not available. Returning crusaders talked about what we have seen oranges “in the holy land,” which is probably influenced by Titian, Botticelli and other artists. But this was more than 1,000 years after the crucifixion. At this time, citrus fruits were introduced to the Mediterranean countries from China.

The first collection of recipes was published in 62 AD, Roman Apitsiusom. In a book entitled «De Re Coquinaria» described the dish, which enjoyed the Emperor Claudius.

It is said that Vitellus, former emperor of Rome in 69 AD, spent more than 1,200 pounds a day just on food. He could overpower the oysters a day in 1000, as well as a host of other delicacies. After a short reign, he was deposed by the Roman citizens, outraged excesses of their emperor, and his body was thrown into the river Tiber.

The Romans used poisonous lead as a sweetener.

When King John ascended the English throne in 1199, he rolled one of the most fantastic Christmas feasts. 900 liters of different wines, 400 oxen, 1,000 eels and 200 lampreys were absorbed into his hungry guests.

The word “honey” was used as a synonym of something pleasant (“like honey plastered,” “Honey Life” …) in ancient and medieval times, as the other sweeteners in Europe at almost was not. Only in the 12th century came the sugar when the Crusaders brought it with him from the East.

During the archaeological excavations of ancient tombs was found edible honey.

Honey has been used in golf balls and in antifreeze mixtures.

When ketchup was founded in China in 1690, it contained no tomatoes. It consisted of pickled fish, shellfish, and spices.

At the end of the last century, books about food contained a typographical error. In indicator of iron content in spinach was incorrectly placed decimal point, so that spinach from the records contain ten times more iron than it actually is. Because iron is associated with power, this error was the basis of the famous cartoons: Popeye ate spinach athlete.

The belief that carrots are good for the eyes, wrong. This statement is extended during the Second World War when the British began to use the on-board aircraft radar, which allowed them to find the German bombs during the night. In order to mislead the Germans had been rumored that John Cunningham, the most successful night bomber of the Royal Air Force, developed at a phenomenal night vision by eating carrots in large quantities.

Sauerkraut was invented in China. Shi Huang-Ti, First Emperor of China, cabbage soaked in wine and fed her slaves who worked on the Great Wall of China.
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Every month, more than 90 percent of U.S. children eat at McDonald’s.

The U.S. National Cancer Institute spends $ 1 million a year, encouraging people to eat fruits and vegetables.

Over the past twenty five years, U.S. researchers have identified the growth of fast food advertising during children’s television programs. And many commercials touting big portions.

According to the Canadian Pediatric Society, most food advertising during children’s television programs devoted to fast food, fizzy drinks, sweets and cereals with sugar – while the advertising useful products is only 4 per cent.

During the 1950s, a standard serving of a carbonated drink in a fast food restaurant contained about 225 g today, “children” portion of the Coca-Cola at McDonald’s is 340 g, and big – 900 g (and about 310 calories!).

Manufacturers of fast-food higher profits from the sale of carbonated beverages than from food.

McDonald’s – the largest private owner of the playgrounds in North America.

In 1997, Americans spent more than 54 million on carbonated beverages.

Boys aged 12 to 19 years old drink on average 868 cans of soda per year. Girls are drinking less than a quarter – about 651 cans per year.

A large portion of french fries at McDonald’s contains 610 calories and 29 grams of fat. Other manufacturers are not much better: a large portion of Burger King potato contains 590 calories and 30 grams of fat.

Chicken McNuggets contain twice as much fat than a hamburger.

In the U.S., obesity – the second leading cause of death after smoking.

In Canada, 46 percent of adults are overweight or obese. Over the past twenty years, obesity rates have tripled among Canadian children.

The American branch of artificial flavors – a branch which is responsible for the great taste of most ready meals consumed by us, has annual revenues of approximately $ 1.4 billion.

And if we talk about artificial flavors – the usual strawberry cocktail contains approximately fifty artificial ingredients to make it such a wonderful “strawberry” flavor!
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Grape Juice
Grape juice contains acetaldehyde (a close chemical relative of formaldehyde – embalming fluid poisonous), ethyl acetate (used as a solvent in the paint), acetone (used in nail polish remover), acetic acid (vinegar) and some chemicals called hexenal, which give mown grass, its characteristic odor.

Whiskey
Chemists have discovered more than 300 substances, which give a special taste Scotch whiskey.

Vitamins
Everyone knows about vitamins A, B, C, D and E are less known vitamin K (promotes proper functioning of the liver), vitamin T (effective in the treatment of anemia), vitamin H (also known as biotin) and vitamin U (helps in the healing of ulcers .)

Algae
A common staple Kanembu, tribe, living on the shores of Lake Chad in Africa. Kanembu diluted common type of algae called Spirulina in the lake, dried them on the sand, fill them eat cakes and spicy with tomatoes and peppers.

Woodpecker
In ancient Rome, eat the meat of the woodpecker was considered sinful.

Cola
500 ml of regular cola contains as much caffeine as a cup of coffee.

Mouse
In ancient China, India and parts of mouse meat was considered a great delicacy. In ancient Greece, where the mouse was sacred to Apollo, it is sometimes greedily ate the church priests.

Rice
There are 15,000 different kinds of rice.

Rice
Rice – the staple food for half the world’s population.

Sugar
Refined sugar – the only known product that does not contain any nutrients other than calories. Each year in America eats about 45 kg of sugar per person and only 36 percent of them are consumed immediately. The rest – it is “hidden” sugar in sweetened, or commercially prepared dishes such as ketchup, baby food, canned fruit and cereal. Children are estimated to consume 1.3-1.8 kg of refined sugar a week.

Sunflower seeds
Nutritional value of seeds of squash and pumpkins increases with age. These seeds are among the products that the extent of decomposition are more nutritious. According to research conducted at the Massachusetts Experiment Station, in the seeds of squash and pumpkins, which were kept for more than five months, the protein content increased.

Salt
The Bible mentions salt more than thirty times.

Salt
Although most people think only seasoning salt, only 5 percent of the salt produced each year comes to our table. The rest is used for various purposes such as preservation of meat, road construction, production of feed for livestock, tanning leather, and manufacturing glass, soap, ash and detergent.

Soup
In the Middle Ages, chicken soup was considered an aphrodisiac.

Rennet
Rennet, a substance commonly used for the coagulation of milk and cheese production, are in the fourth stomach of calves.

Termites
In many tribes of South Africa, termites are roasted to orehoobraznogo state and consumed by a handful as a snack. It is also worth noting that in some specialty food stores in the U.S. and Europe, a connoisseur of exotic delicacies can purchase treats such as chocolate covered ants, bees candied and pickled bull’s scrotum.

Farming
Half the food consumed in the world today, was made by farmers in the Andes mountains. In this region, were grown for the first time the potatoes, corn, sweet potatoes, pumpkin, squash, all kinds of beans, groundnuts, cassava, cashew nuts, pineapple, chocolate, avocado, tomatoes, peppers, papaya, strawberries, mulberries and many other products.

Chips
The average pounds of potato chips cost two hundred times more expensive than a kilogram of potatoes.

Spinach
After the appearance of comic strip “Popeye” in 1931, spinach consumption in the U.S. increased by thirty three percent.

Apples
Apples are more effective than coffee to help wake up in the morning.
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Good to eat a banana before bed. Bananas contain in addition to serotonin and melatonin and magnesium – a substance that relaxes the muscles.

The famous old remedy – chamomile tea. Daisy wonder ranks first among the soothing drinks. She has a slight sedative effect and is an ideal natural relaxant for the body, and soul.

In England and the United States often before bedtime drink warm milk. That’s always comes Archie Goodwin – one of the main characters of the detective novels of Rex Stout. Milk contains tryptophan – an amino acid, which has soothing properties, and calcium, which helps the brain to absorb tryptophan. In addition, the milk also affects the psyche. It is as if a person puts in a half-forgotten childhood experience, when a bottle of milk personified the peace and comfort.

You can add the warm milk or herbal tea a little bit of honey. Sugar in large quantities stimulates the nervous activity, but a small dose of glucose causes the brain to block the orexin – a recently discovered neurohormone responsible for the excitation of nerve cells.

There is a before bedtime, as we know it is not recommended, but is often very desirable. The stomach does not overload the small amount of baked potato – it absorbs the acid, preventing the development of tryptophan. To enhance the soothing effect, mash the potatoes can be in a spoonful of warm milk.

Will have a calming effect on the body and quench a little hunger a plate of porridge. Oatmeal – a source of slumberous melatonin. You can also add a little honey in it.

If you interfere with sleep troubles, depression, try adding oatmeal in the evening two teaspoons of flax seed. Flax seeds are rich in omega-3 that improve mood. Help to sleep and a handful of almonds. It contains tryptophan, and significant amounts of muscle relaxing magnesium. Almonds are also beneficial for the heart.

By chamomile tea with honey, you can add a slice of bread from whole grains. Bread from whole grains, stimulates production of insulin, which helps tryptophan get to the brain, where it is converted into serotonin.

The most famous source of tryptophan – turkey meat. It should be borne in mind that tryptophan works best on an almost empty stomach and increase the effect of its carbohydrates. So good night to eat a sandwich of turkey and whole wheat bread.
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